Background: Serial communication (such as UART, SPI and other protocols) is widely used in modern applications because of its practicality over parallel. In serial communications, the data stored within a computer in clusters of bits, either bytes (8 bits at a time) or words (8/16/32 bits at a time), is decomposed into its individual bits […]
UART – What is it and How to use? Read More »
Background: SPI was originally developed by Motorola, who are now known as Freescale, which NXP has bought out. SPI’s purpose was to have serial communication between host processor and peripherals. Outline: Advantages/Disadvantages of SPI: Pros: Cons: When to use SPI: It is used in small distances only. For instance, between devices in one PCB board
SPI – How to use it and When? Read More »
Background: Say you have this C program which fakes a sin waveform output by calculating a floating-point number and then convert it to an integer: void main() { unsigned int value; float signal; signal=2047.0*(1+sin(2*3.142*count/50.0)); value=signal; } We first calculate “signal” which is a floating-point number. Then, we assign “value” to “signal”! note that “value” is
How do floating-point numbers represent in memory? Read More »
Bugs are inevitable in any complex software system. That is why we should reduce code, test it and then reuse it when it is bugs-free.
How to Test Code for Bugs? And What Is Unit Testing? Read More »
Outline What is a Software Bug? What causes Software Bugs? How do we measure Software reliability? How much do Software Bugs cost? How do we manage Software Bugs? Background This image shows the first bug that was discover in a computer; which was a real, physical bug. Bugs are everywhere: Bugs are present everywhere in
What Are Software Bugs? How To Discover Them In Code? Read More »
